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专八语言知识强化练习题1
About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____2____
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size.
This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8____
pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years apart.____10____
答案详解
1. 将 had used 改为 used。
因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。例如:
Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人-如果他们不自以为聪明的话。
2. 将 publishing 改为 published
report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。例如:
Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现,不管多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。
3. 将 theirs 改为 their
4. 将 among 改为 between
在两次怀孕期间留出足够的`间隔时间,故用between。
5. 将过去分词 excluded 改为介词 excluding excluding意为“不包括……”
6. 将 respectably 改为 respectively
respectively 意为 “分别地 ”，符合句子的意思。而respectably意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地 ”。
7. 将 evidences 改为 evidence。evidence是不可数名词。
8. 将ill改为illness
9. 将 year 改为 years
10. 将 lesser 改为 less
专八语言知识强化练习题2
It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidences of the depressing ____(1)____state of literacy. These sums from the Department of Education are ____(2)____sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, a further 35 million read on a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society. (3) But my own worry today is more that of the overwhelming problem of____ (4)____elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentrating,____ (5)____that surrounds the image of the classic act of reading. It has been suggested____ (6)____that almost 80 percent of America's literate, educated teenagers can no longer read with accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickered at the corner of their field of perception. We know____ (7)____very little about the brain and how it dealt with simultaneous conflicting ____(8)____input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part— reading, of partperception against background distraction, enders impossibly certain____ (9)____essential acts of apprehension and concentration, leave alone that most important tribute any human being can pay on a poem or a piece of prose he or ____(10)____she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.
答案和解析:
1. evidences—evidence. evidence 为不可数名词，不能使用复
数形式。
2. sums—改成figures。sums 表示“总和”，但后面列举了一些具体数字，与总和并无多大关系。因此sums应改为figures。figures意即“数字”。
3. on—at。表示“在„„水平上”时，level 前须用介词at。
4. more—less。more A than B意即“与其说B，倒不如说A”而less A than B则表示与其说A，倒不如说B”。根据上下文，此处more应改为less。
5. concentrating—concentration。 and前后成分应对等，由于and前面是名词，其后面也应该用名词。因此concentrating应改为concentration。
6. that—which。这儿which用来指代前面的整个句子。
7. flickered—flickering，flicker为不及物动词，不宜使用过去分词形式作定语，故用现在分词形式作定语。
8. dealt—deals。该文章主要采用一般现在时，因此dealt应改为得deals。
9. impossibly —impossible。render sth + adj为一常用结构，表示“使„„如何”。如果其中宾语太长，可将其后置。显然impossibly 应改为impossible
10.on—to。pay tribute to sb/sth，系常用短语，意即“称赞某人⁄某物”。故on应改为to。
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