老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共6篇

时间：2022-10-09 18:16:00 试题

　　下面是范文网小编收集的老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共6篇，以供借鉴。

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共1

　　51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, disconnect, annex(合并)

　　52) not, 含义是“记号，注意” note, denote, annotation(注释)

　　53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous

　　54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同，对等b)准备” compare, prepare

　　55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel(推进)

　　56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independent, expense(支付)

　　57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone

　　58) plac, 含义是“位置，场所” place, replace

　　59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民，民众” public, republic, popular, people

　　60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(输送)

　　61) press, 含义是“压，压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression

　　62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验，验证” prove, approve,

　　63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找，探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查，追究)

　　64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank,

　　65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正，直” correct, direct, erect

　　66) riv, 含义是“河流，流远”，river, arrive, derive

　　67) rupt, 含义是“破坏，毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption

　　68) sci, 含义是“认识，知识” science, conscious

　　69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写，记录” describe, script

　　70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉，情感” sensation, sentiment

　　71) sign, 含义是“标记，符号” signal, signature, design

　　72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似，类似” similar, resemble, assimilate(同化)

　　73) soci, 含义是“结合，社交” social, association

　　74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看，视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect

　　75) struct, 含义是“建筑，构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction

　　76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽，掩盖” detect, protect

　　77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间，时机” tense, contemporary, temporal

　　78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend

　　79) test, 含义是“证明，证实” testify, protest, contest(争论)

　　80) text, 含义是“编织，构成” textile, texture, context

　　81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉，吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩)

　　82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute

　　83) us, ut, 含义是“用，使用” usable, utilize, abuse

　　84) vac, van, 含义是“空，虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空)

　　85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走，去” invade, wade, evade(逃避)

　　86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转，反转” convert, inversion(倒转)， reverse, divert(使转向)

　　87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看，看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey

　　88) viv, vit, 含义是“生，活” vivid, vital, survival,

　　89) war, ward, 含义是“注意，保护” aware, wary(谨慎)， ward(守护)

　　90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 30

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共2

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 16

　　The first flying vertebrates were true reptiles in which one of the fingers of the front limbs became very elongated, providing support for a flap of stretched skin that served as a wing. These were the pterosaurs, literally the “winged lizards.” The earliest pterosaurs arose near the end of the Triassic period of the Mesozoic Era, some 70 million years before the first known fossils of true birds occur, and they presumably dominated the skies until they were eventually displaced by birds. Like the dinosaurs, some the pterosaurs became gigantic; the largest fossil discovered is of an individual that had a wingspan of 50 feet or more, larger than many airplanes. These flying reptiles had large, tooth-filled jaws, but their bodies were small and probably without the necessary powerful muscles for sustained wing movement. They must have been expert gliders, not skillful fliers, relying on wind power for their locomotion.

　　Birds, despite sharing common reptilian ancestors with pterosaurs, evolved quite separately and have been much more successful in their dominance of the air. They are an example of a common theme in evolution, the more or less parallel development of different types of body structure and function for the same reason — in this case, for flight. Although the fossil record, as always, is not complete enough to determine definitively the evolutionary lineage of the birds or in as much detail as one would like, it is better in this case than for many other animal groups. That is because of the unusual preservation in a limestone quarry in southern Germany of Archaeopteryx, a fossil that many have called the link between dinosaurs and birds. Indeed, had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils, they might well have been classified as dinosaurs. They have the skull and teeth of a reptile as well as a bony tail, but in the line-grained limestone in which these fossils occur there are delicate impressions of feathers and fine details of bone structure that make it clear that Archaeopteryx was a bird. All birds living today, from the great condors of the Andes to the tiniest wrens, trace their origin back to the Mesozoic dinosaurs.

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Characteristics of pterosaur wings

(B) The discovery of fossil remains of Archaeopteryx

(D) The development of flight in reptiles and birds

　　2. Which of the following is true of early reptile wings?

(A) They evolved from strong limb muscles.

(B) They consisted of an extension of skin.

(D) They required fingers of equal length.

　　3. The word “literally” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) creating

(B) meaning

(D) simplified

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that birds were probably dominant in the skies

(A) in the early Triassic period

(B) before the appearance of pterosaurs

(D) before dinosaurs could be found on land.

　　5. The author mentions airplanes in line 8 in order to

(A) illustrate the size of wingspans in some pterosaurs

(B) compare the energy needs of dinosaurs with those of modern machines

(D) establish the practical applications of the study of fossils

　　6. The word “They” in line 10 refers to

(A) powerful muscles

(B) bodies

(D) flying reptiles

　　7. According to the passage , pterosaurs were probably “not skillful fliers” (lines 10-11) because

(A) of their limited wingspan

(B) of their disproportionately large bodies

(D) climate conditions of the time provided insufficient wind power

　　8. In paragraph 2, the author discusses the development of flight in birds as resulting from

(A) a similarity in body structure to pterosaurs

(B) an evolution from pterosaurs

(D) a separate but parallel development process to that of pterosaurs

　　9. The word “classified” in line 21 is closest in meaning to

(A) perfected

(B) replaced

(D) protected

　　10. Which of the following helped researchers determine that Archaeopteryx was not a dinosaur?

(A) Its tail

(B) Its teeth

(D) Details of its bone structure

　　11. What is the significance of the discovery that was made in southern Germany?

(A) It is thought to demonstrate that birds evolved from dinosaurs.

(B) It is proof that the climate and soils of Europe have changed over time.

(D) It supports the theory that Archaeopteryx was apowerful dinosaur.

　　正确答案：DBBCA DCDCDA

　　托福阅读的实用技巧整理

　　首先，无论什么技巧都必须要有基本的单词量做基础。没人喜欢背单词，但是只有有足够的单词量才能应对托福阅读中的各种层出不穷的问题。用的是谁的单词书其实没有多大分别，你只要认认真真的把一本单词书背个70%，那也就差不多了，托福阅读的主要考察对象不是单词，只是透过单词来表达一种意思，只要你能猜出来这种意思并且在这个基础上把题答对，那么，对少单词都不是问题。

　　其次，对于难句长句的理解。还是要明白大意就好，但是要能够根据大意准确定位找到答案。大家可以专门找些难句和长句来进行有针对性的练习。把那些句子反复读，反复看，看上十几遍，觉得很通顺、觉得句子写得很好自己以后也要这么写了才算好。速度慢不是问题，但是坚持下来，大家对难句和长句的理解能力就好冥想提高。

　　再次，大家在专门练习托福阅读题的时候，还是多看看OG，OG是非常有指向性的，而且那上面说的一些小技巧还是不错的。Delta上的题目要难一些，主要是有一些题目需要考生进行引申、做一些文学上的理解，当然这些在托福中是不会出现的。所以做题的时候不要想得太复杂，第一感觉是什么就选什么，很有效。

　　托福阅读词汇的积累练习

　　mores 风俗，习惯

　　submit 屈从;提交;主张，认为

　　Backfire 产生反效果;逆火

　　speculate 推测;思索;投机(venture)

　　wield 行使(权利);挥舞(宝剑)

　　recreation 再创造; 消遣，娱乐

　　peer 同等人，同辈人;凝视

　　project 预测;凸出;投掷，发射;计划

　　mitigate减轻，缓和

　　negate 否认

　　familial 家庭的

　　vain 无用的，虚荣的

　　vein 面纱; 掩饰

　　Bound n. 范围 v. 跳跃;以…为界;bind的过去式和过去分词

　　Be bound to do 必定，一定

　　rationale 基本原理，论据

　　launch 开始，发动;发射

　　supplant = in place of 代替

　　retain 保留

　　status quo 现状

　　downplay 低估，贬低

　　radical 词根，激进分子; 根本的;激进的

　　conviction 信念;定罪

　　credit 功劳，声望，信任

　　appeal to 求助于

　　gloss 掩饰;使有光泽

　　explain away 搪塞，把…解释过去

　　complementary 补充的

　　complimentary 称赞的，问候的

　　indefensible 站不住脚的

　　misgiving 疑虑

　　dissent 异议，不同意

　　dispense with 免除

　　exempt 免除

　　shun 避开

　　identity 身份，本体; 同一性，完全相同;特性

　　sustain 维持; 遭受; 忍耐

　　contend 主张，声称;争论 (n. contention)

　　object n. 物体 v.反对 (objection n.反对)

　　objective n. 目标; adj.客观的

　　dispose 处理，处置;安排，使用

　　except that 只是，只可惜;除了

　　fanciful 幻想的，想象中的

　　apprehend 领会，理解; 逮捕; 忧虑

　　whereupon 于是，因此

　　administer 实施;给与;服用(药);管理

　　formulate 明确地表达

　　champion v. 拥护; n. 冠军

　　posit 断定，假定

　　advance 使前进，推进; 促进，加速; 提出，倡导

　　primacy n. 首位，首要 (adj. primary)

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 16

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共3

　　老托福阅读100篇passage 33试题及答案

　　pASSAGE 33

　　researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.

　　since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question What will I do after graduation? A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.

　　a decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.

(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions

(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making

　　2. The word essential in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) introductory

(B) changeable

(D) fundamental

　　3. The word pertinent in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) relevant

(B) preceding

(D) responsive

　　4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?

(A) Listing the consequences of each solution

(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution

(D) Writing down all possible solutions

　　5. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that

(A) has the fewest variables to consider

(B) uses the most decision worksheets

(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people

　　6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of

(A) describing a process

(B) classifying types of worksheets

(D) explaining a theory

　　7. The author states that On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at

　　once (lines 17-18) to explain that

(A) most decisions involve seven steps

(B) human mental capacity has limitations

(D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice

　　8. The word succinct in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) creative

(B) satisfactory

(D) concise

　　9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?

(A) Proponents (line 5)

(B) Optimal (line 5)

(D) Long-range goals (line 25)

　　10. The word it in line 24 refers to

(A) worksheet

(B) problem

(D) decision

　　11. The word revise in line 26 is closest in meaning to

(A) ask

(B) explain

(D) predict

　　pASSAGE 33 ADADC ABDBB C

　　托福阅读怎么抓住定位词

　　首先介绍一下，什么是定位词?

　　其实很简单，打个比方，你和朋友约好了去酒吧，朋友和你说酒吧在沈阳新东方正对面，这个酒吧你是不知道地点的，也就是你的目的地;而新东方却很熟知，那么你只需找到新东方便可以找到酒吧了。在这里新东方是已知的，就是用来定位的词汇，而酒吧则是你的目的所在，也便是你要找的答案。

　　定位词的称呼有很多，如关键词，主旨词，功能词，中心词等等。这些只是个名称罢了，含义都是一致的：一个可以根据题干回原文定位，并能够找到出处的词，这个题干中的词就是定位词 or key word。

　　定位词有什么样的特征?

　　定位词总体特征：不可变性和细节性

　　不可变性：定位词是用来定位的，所以必须找那些回原文依然不变的词汇，才有意义。通常不用动词和副词来定位。通常是名词或充当定语的形容词。

　　细节性：不要找大概念的词汇，更不要拿代表全文主旨的词汇来定位。换句话说不要找那些原文一大堆的词汇，无法定位。

　　如， 95年英国剑桥委员会British Council给出的唯一样题文章的题目是:The Spectacular Eruption of Mount St.Helens

　　下面有一道选择题是“ According to the text the eruption of Mount St.Helens and other volcanoes has influenced our climate by…”

　　拿这道题为例，如果大家把Mount St.Helens 作为关键词回原文进行定位，那你会郁闷致死，全文主要讲的就是圣海伦斯火山的喷发，原文有N多个Mount St.Helens，所以即使这个词属于大写的专有名词，但他违背了细节性，是概括性的词汇，也不能作为定位词来寻找答案。

　　究竟哪些词在阅读当中充当定位词?

　　以下是定位词的分类：

　　1.特殊词汇

　　在阅读中有一些词张的比较特殊，这种词很容易被记住，也很容易回原文定位。

　　好比，在大街上上看到一个人光着身子跑步-------特殊难看

　　一个人的个子超高，像姚明一样------特殊长

　　一个人身上穿着10多种颜色的衣服，而且不停的摇头-----特殊怪

　　特殊怪，特殊长，特殊难

　　这三种词就是特殊词的所有特征，在文中看到这样的词，一定要警惕。如，

　　sequoia 美洲杉 ---特殊怪，很好定位，也经常作为考点。

　　sodium 【化学】钠---特殊难，大家只要知道是一种化学元素足矣。

　　simultaneous 同时的---特殊长，这种词本身的特点决定应作为定位词。

　　2.数字：通常指时间，金钱和百分比。

　　有一个道题目是这样问的：

“What are the dates of the TWO major eruptions before 1980?”

　　那么像1980 3185$ 69%这些词因为长相原因，段落全是英文，突然跑出来几个数字，十分显眼，也就很好回原文找到他们。

　　3.专有名词：斜体字，大写人名,地名，大写的专有名词，这一点大家都很熟悉，不用多说。

　　4.特殊符号：

　　在特殊符号里或者旁边的词，最好通过符号回原文进行定位，如“paper conversation”，(three cubic miles) 这些词本身并没有什么特别，但放在符号里面，就可以根据符号回原文进行寻找。

　　总之，在国外考试的阅读中，无论是阅读文章，还是回答后面的10几道题目，定位词的寻找，都是一种有效的应试策略，更是学术文章的阅读的重要方法。

　　托福阅读不同题型的方法和技巧

　　一、单词题目

　　平时注意单词量的积累，力求达到可以随时随地记忆单词的境界。其实我们在记忆单词的时候也可以适当地使用一些策略，那就是在我们可以把自己的侧重点放在动词和形容词的记忆上。考试过后，你就会发现这个策略的事半功倍了。此外，对于自己不认识的单词，我们应该主动回原文找同义词，或找相关的提示信息。

　　二、找代词指代对象的题目

　　在考试中，它们主要会以如下两种形式出现。

(1)it、one、their、its、that类，这种题目主要是考查我们对于并列关系的掌握，这时，我们应该主动去看这个词所在的那整句话，从已知话中找到处于相同地位的词。

(2)考查由that、which涉及到的定语从句类，我们在面对这种题目时，应该有意识的在选项中找从句中谓语动词的发起者或接受者，因为只有这样才可以迈出通向胜利的第一步。

　　三、考查文章内容的题目

　　在历次的托福考试中，也存在着两大主要题型，即：文章细节考查题和文章结构考查题。

　　1、文章细节考查题

　　解答文章细节考查题，我们一般都可以回到原文中去做定位，找到相近或相似的内容，进而得出答案。

　　常见的定位有以下3种：

(1)题目本身给出定位。

(2)至少先可作出一个段落的定位。

(3)位置多夹于前后两题位置之间。

　　2、文章结构考查题

　　一定要注意：

(1)千万不要根据你读的信息去作推理。

(2)不要把文章从头到尾当成一个整体，尽可能各段独立。

(3)根据经验，在考试中，整篇文章的最后一句出题较多，所以应该仔细阅读这个重要的句子。

　　以上是针对托福考试阅读部分的常见题型做出的一些有关于考试解题方法与技巧的分项介绍。

　　在整个的阅读考试中，我们还应该了解到：

(1)在这个特殊的考试时间段内，我们的记忆比理解更为重要，在解题的时候一定要完全忠实于原文，切忌私自做出任何的主观臆断。

(2)在做题步骤方面，我们可以先简读原文(主要是各个段落的第一，二句话)，而后阅读题目，最后观察选项做出判断。值得我们特别注意的是，我们在做出判断的时候，切忌不要选择在选项中存在比较，而在原文中没有明确表示过的项目;切忌不要去选择那些说法过于绝对化的选项。

　　老托福阅读100篇passage 33试题及答案

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共4

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 7

　　as Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation.

　　along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.

　　auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.

　　one of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Philadelphia's agriculture importance

(B) Philadelphia's development as a marketing center

(D) The administration of the city of Philadelphia

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that new markets opened in Philadelphia because

(A) they provided more modem facilities than older markets

(B) the High Street Market was forced to close

(D) farmers wanted markets that were closer to the farms.

　　3. The word “hinterland ” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) tradition

(B) association

(D) region

　　4. The word “it” in line 6 refers to

(A) the crowded city

(B) a radius

(D) the period

　　5. The word “persisted” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) returned

(B) started

(D) continued

　　6. According to the passage , fairs in Philadelphia were held

(A) on the same day as market says

(B) as often as possible

(D) whenever the government allowed it

　　7. It can be inferred that the author mentions “Linens and stockings” in line 12 to show that they were items that

(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell

(B) were not available in the stores in Philadelphia

(D) could easily be transported

　　8. The word “eradicate” in line 15 is closest in meaning to

(A) eliminate

(B) exploit

(D) operate

　　9. What does the author mean by stating in lines 15-16 that “economic development was on the merchants' side ”?

(A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion.

(B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper.

(D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful.

　　10. The word “undergoing” in line 21 is closest in meaning to

(A) requesting

(B) experiencing

(D) including

　　正确答案： BCDCD CBABB

　　备考托福阅读有哪些需要注意的事项?

　　1、对托福阅读题型需了解

　　托福阅读总共包含了三篇文章，每篇文章的单词数在650～750个单词之间，对应考试试题一般在12道左右，这些题目的类型包含：总结题、图表题、词汇题、推断题、修辞目的题、事实信息题等题目。托福阅读的考试时间在60分钟，这个时间需要你去合理的分配时间，在规定的时间把所有的题都解决掉。

　　2、托福阅读误区需避免

　　在托福阅读考试中一些误区是要同学们要必须避免的，在平常的备考练习中就要时刻谨记，首先在阅读审题时不要一字不漏的都看完这样你的时间就根本不够用，要学会抓重点。其次是文章没有看完就开始做题，这样整体文章说的什么都不知道，想做对题那就更难了。第三是惧怕生词，做题难免会遇到生词，这时也不要紧张，通过上下文的分析找到正确答案是没有问题的。

　　3、掌握解题技巧

　　除了了解托福阅读考什么外，掌握解题技巧也是拿到满意托福成绩的关键。托福解题技巧能够让你在解答过程中除了节省时间外正确率也是非常高的。首先做阅读的前提是英语单词得认识，在掌握了托福阅读做题方法之前，单词的记忆是必修课，提高词汇量是提高阅读成绩的基础。很多同学在做阅读时先读文章每段的首句，然后再看考试题目，再找出文章的托福阅读应对试题。这需要同学们找到适合自己的解题方法来应对解题。

　　托福阅读的十大题型特点整理

　　一、列举和并列句

　　列举指的是： First,... Second,... Third,.。。等逐条列出。并列句是指：A ，B and C，即逐项列出。它们共同的特征是列出二点或三点以上的条目。该类型语言点常考的题型是“细节性问题”，主要有两种：

　　1. Which 题型

　　该题型只要求从并列的三顶中选一项作为答案，其它条目与题目无关。在这种情况下，往往题目的答案出自最后一个选项。

　　2 . EXCEPT 题型

　　该题型俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目 4 个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合，题目便是要求选出这个不符合文章内容的选项。例如： All of the following are mentioned as types of evidence concerning handedness EXCEPT 这种题型只适合于考并列、列举句，这是因为它要求其三个选项一定是文章中出现的，也就是并列或列举之处。利用这一特点。我们在读文章的时候就可多留意，如看到并列、列举句，可预想其有可能被考到;如发现题目中有“三缺一”题型，则应到并列、列举处找答案。

　　二、否定及转折句

　　托福听力段落题型及解题要点

　　如何用逆向搜索法得高分

　　如何提高托福听力水平

　　否定句是指带有 NO 或 NOT ， NEVER 等否定词的句子，而转折句则指带有 HOWEVER ， BUT 或RATHER 等关联词引导的句子，它们可以用下面的句型说明： A is not B ， as C ， but is D 。对于以上的句型常出“推断性问题”。

　　三、举例句

　　句中由 as 或 such as ， for example 等引导的短语或句子为举例句，常考“推断性问题”和“细节性问题”。上面句型中的 as C 为插入的举例句。

　　四、数字与年代

　　文中的数字、年代、日期等常常是出题者注意的考题点，如年 10 月第 48 题。

　　五、最高级及绝对性词汇

　　文章中若出现 must ， all ， only ， anyone ， always ， never 等绝对性词汇或 first ， most beautiful 等最高级词汇，往往是考题要点，一般出“细节性题目”。这是因为它们都有一个共同的特点，那就是概念绝对，答案唯一，无论是出题还是做题，不会产出歧义和疑问，因此很容易出题，答案绝对正确。相反地，如果文章中出现相对性的词汇、例如 Some of the people chose red hats,some chose green hats,and others blue ones. 其中 some 为相对性词汇，如果我们出这样一道题： What color hats did some people choose 那么就没有唯一正确的答案，因为有可能为 red,green 或 blue ，给评卷带来困难。

　　六、比较级及比喻

　　如果文中含有 more than 或 as as ，like ( a fly )等句型，则为比较级或比喻句结构，往往也是考题点，一般出“推断性题目”。

　　七、同位语及插入语

　　文章中带有由 that is ，i.e. ，or 等词汇引导的名词词组，放在一个名词后面，为同位语;插入语是指副词、不定式、分词、从句等结构故在句首，句中或句尾，不做句子成分，但修饰整个句子、表达作者感情的语法结构。这些用逗号隔开的持殊结构往往也是考查的重点，一般会出“细节性题目”。

　　八、因果句

　　句中若有如下结构或词汇的称为因果句：

(1) 因果连词：because，since，for，as，therefore，so，consequently 等

(2)表示因果的动词：cause ，result in ，originate from 等;

(3) 表示因果的名词： base, basis, result,consequence 等，这些因果句都是指明某两个事件之间因果关系的，尤为出题者所青陈。因为通过出题可以考查文中两个事件内在的因果关系。此种句型一般出“推断性问题”。

　　九、段落句

　　文章各段第一句( 段首句 )和末段员后一句( 文尾句 )都是十分重要的地方，往往是文章作者表达中思想，进行总结综述的地方，因此常出(1)主题性问题，(2)细节性问题(3)结构性问题。

　　十、特殊标点

　　有一些特殊标点的含义也属于考查范围，它们是：

(1) 破折号，表示解释。考细节性问题;

(2) 括号，表示解释。考细节性问题;

(3) 冒号，一股同上，有时冒号也表示列举，则考“ EXCEPT ”题目;

(4) 引号。表示引用，考细节性问题：

(5) 惊叹号，表示作者感情，考态度性问题。

　　托福阅读的科学练习方法

　　科学的阅读方法

　　关于阅读方法只是对在有限时间内有效阅读托福文章的方法进行一个简单的介绍。阅读技巧，特别是速度技巧中，有两个重要的方法:Skimming&Scanning.

　　skimming是只看主要大意的速读。一篇文章的大意是有重点的。比如，当出现first second的这种归类总结的地方，或because，as a result这样的因果关系，或是 but，however的语意转折处，都需要格外留心。托福文章讲述主要观点之后通常会有for example来佐证，如果看懂了主要观点，那么对示例所用的时间和精力就不需要太多了。Skimming的技巧在第一遍阅读文章意图抓住文章大意时是非常重要的。

　　scanning是“扫描”，但具体到阅读中，大家最熟悉的莫过于查词典时。在有意识地去查某个生词的时候，我们不会去把它所在的页上每一个字都看一遍才找到想要的。几乎眼睛对词典中的一页扫一下，脑中只有要找的字，看到它，其他的地方都像没有看到一样。在托福的阅读中，scanning的技巧在回答问题时，根据题干中问到的内容，在文章中scan，可以帮助考生准确地定位，找到答案。

　　托福的文章长度大多在300-400字之间。以平均每篇读10分钟计算，按照每分钟阅读150字的速度，一篇文章从头到尾通读，至少需2-3分钟。这可了解文章的大意，但不一定保证读得透彻。在第一遍通读的过程中，考生不要期望每个字都一定要理解，遇到不懂的字不必多逗留或苦思冥想可能的意思，这样会浪费时间的。只需一直往下看，用前面介绍到的skimming原则，掌握文章的主旨即可。这个过程中，文章的第一段，尤其是每段的第一句话往往起着提纲挈领或起承转合的作用，是阅读时要多留心的地方。

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 7

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共5

　　1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气，大气” aeroplane, aerial,

　　2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做，动作” active, agent, reaction,

　　3) alt, 含义是“高”， altitude,

　　4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它，变更” alternate,

　　5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物，生命” biology, bionics(仿生学)

　　6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)

　　7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取，获” capture, except, concept, capacity

　　8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行，让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度)

　　9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric(偏心的)

　　10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim

　　11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, include

　　12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, agriculture

　　13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord

　　14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑，动作” current, occur, concurrence(同时发生)

　　15) dic, dict, 含义是“说，示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict

　　16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, document.nbsp

　　17) duc, duct含义是“引导，传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论)

　　18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做，创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect

　　19) fend, fens, 含义是“打，击” defence, offence

　　20) fer, 含义是“搬运，移转” ferry, transfer, defer(迟延)

　　21) fin, finit, 含义是“终，极” final, finish, confine

　　22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定)

　　23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加)

　　24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex

　　25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish

　　26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform

　　27) forc, fort, 含义是“力，强度” force, enforce, effort

　　28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产，发生” generate, generation

　　29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写，记录” telegram, diagram, photograph

　　30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步，阶段” gradually, degree, progress

　　31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持，住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit

　　32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion

　　33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject

　　34) jour, 含义是“日，一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期)

　　35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合，连合” conjunction, junction(连合)

　　36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动，工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate

　　37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选，采集” collect, select, lecture

　　38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活，生存” life, alive, live

　　39) loc, 含义是“场所，位置” location, dislocate(脱位)

　　40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger

　　41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” colloquial, eloquent,

　　42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” command, demand, recommend

　　43) man, manu, 含义是“手，手法” manage, manual

　　44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial

　　45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental

　　46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant

　　47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量，度量” measure, meter, diameter

　　48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, minority

　　49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣，送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile

　　50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共6

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 6

　　potash (the old name for potassium carbonate) is one of the two alkalis (the other being soda, sodium carbonate) that were used from remote antiquity in the making of glass, and from the early Middle Ages in the making of soap: the former being the product of heating a mixture of alkali and sand, the latter a product of alkali and vegetable oil. Their importance in the communities of colonial North America need hardly be stressed.

　　potash and soda are not interchangeable for all purposes, but for glass- or soap-making either would do. Soda was obtained largely from the ashes of certain Mediterranean sea plants, potash from those of inland vegetation. Hence potash was more familiar to the early European settlers of the North American continent.

　　The settlement at Jamestown in Virginia was in many ways a microcosm of the economy of colonial North America, and potash was one of its first concerns. It was required for the glassworks, the first factory in the British colonies, and was produced in sufficient quantity to permit the inclusion of potash in the first cargo shipped out of Jamestown. The second ship to arrive in the settlement from England included among its passengers experts in potash making.

　　The method of making potash was simple enough. Logs was piled up and burned in the open, and the ashes collected. The ashes were placed in a barrel with holes in the bottom, and water was poured over them. The solution draining from the barrel was boiled down in iron kettles. The resulting mass was further heated to fuse the mass into what was called potash.

　　in North America, potash making quickly became an adjunct to the clearing of land for agriculture, for it was estimated that as much as half the cost of clearing land could be recovered by the sale of potash. Some potash was exported from Maine and New Hampshire in the seventeenth century, but the market turned out to be mainly domestic, consisting mostly of shipments from the northern to the southern colonies. For despite the beginning of the trade at Jamestown and such encouragements as a series of acts “to encourage the making of potash,” beginning in 1707 in South Carolina, the softwoods in the South proved to be poor sources of the substance.

　　1. What aspect of potash does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) How it was made

(B) Its value as a product for export

(D) Its importance in colonial North America

　　2. All of the following statements are true of both potash and soda EXPECT:

(A) They are alkalis.

(B) They are made from sea plants.

(D) They are used in making glass.

　　3. They phrase “the latter” in line 4 refers to

(A) alkali

(B) glass

(D) soap

　　4. The word “stressed” in line 6 is closest in meaning to

(A) defined

(B) emphasized

(D) mentioned

　　5. The word “interchangeable” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) convenient

(B) identifiable

(D) advantageous

　　6. It can be inferred from the passage that potash was more common than soda in colonial North America because

(A) the materials needed for making soda were not readily available

(B) making potash required less time than making soda

(D) the colonial glassworks found soda more difficult to use

　　7. According to paragraph 4, all of the following were needed for making potash EXCEPT

(A) wood

(B) fire

(D) water

　　8. The word “adjunct” in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) addition

(B) answer

(D) possibility

　　9. According to the passage , a major benefit of making potash was that

(A) it could be exported to Europe in exchange for other goods

(B) it helped finance the creation of farms

(D) stimulated the development of new ways of glassmaking

　　10. According to paragraph 5, the softwoods in the South posed which of the following problems for southern settles?

(A) The softwoods were not very plentiful.

(B) The softwoods could not be used to build houses.

(D) The softwoods were not very useful for making potash.

　　正确答案： DBDBC ACABD

　　托福阅读的满分训练方法

　　1.词汇

　　从某种意义上来讲，词汇量的大小是TOEFL阅读理解高分的基础和关键。如果词汇量没有达到基本要求(五千以上)，纵然你有“葵花宝典”在手，也只能命丧ETS的“毒招”之下。所以，以牺牲词汇量为代价的技巧练习简直是一味巨毒无比。

　　2.通过练习使学生养成高效的阅读方法——即所谓的阅读技巧

　　TOEFL的阅读量非常大，一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完，所谓的“扫读法”、“跳读法”和“略读法”也只能适用于少数类型的文章，根本不能解决本质问题。那么，文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话，主动地阅读文章的关键部位。所谓主动是指不能象一般的阅读那样完全被动地接受信息，而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位，主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于TOEFL的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物，文章的逻辑结构非常完整和严谨，而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。经过系统的训练，考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度。这样，通过阅读文章的几处关键部位，就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系，也就解决了问题的70%.

　　3.解题训练

　　排除法恐怕是一直以来大多数学生在解阅读理题目时使用最多的方法。事实上，这种方法具有致命的缺点：干扰大、费时间。更有效和迅速的办法是读完题干之后，就在脑子反映出一个模糊的或者是不完整的答案，然后直接在选项中寻找接近的答案进行判断。这种能力必须在平时的训练和讲解中逐渐养成和加强，决非什么技巧之类的东西可以替代。

　　除了上述三方面的训练之外，如果能够对一些基本的背景知识加以补充的话，更能确保阅读理解的准确率和速度。

　　怎么提高阅读理解分数?

　　所以对于这部分考生，大家备考时就要特别注意托福阅读的题型以及主题的练习，这样才能_你的托福阅读考试总是低分的尴尬，下面小编就带大家一起来认识一下托福阅读的题型及主题，希望对大家有帮助。

　　1、题型——注重解题方法

　　托福阅读10种题型，除最后的小结题外大都属于考查文章细节的题目。根据题干中的关键词定位是至关重要的一步，然后就是理解。此时如果词汇量太小怎么办?事实上做阅读我们永远要牢记的就是找句子主干，考查的信息基本都在主干中体现了，

　　比如：The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone [in 1832], hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops.

　　这个句子较长，其中有which引导的定语从句，还有hunted… 这个状语，而解题时我们只需要句子的主干The deer were gone。多数同学在做题时有个习惯就是看到一句话后就开始逐词阅读，甚至试图把它翻译成中文，这可谓“兵家大忌”。

　　遇到一句话先抓主干，遇到整段记得扫描段落有无显眼的连词，举例信号词等，浏览每段的主题句。

　　再说一下小结题，大多数考生的切肤之痛。一是做到最后一题时时间已所剩无几，二是最后一题是对全文的主要内容的总结，相对复杂。

　　在课堂中，我一再向学生强调把握全文结构及大意的重要性，而如何去把握?

　　一是做题之前可大概浏览文章的标题及每段首句。作为学术性的阅读文章，首句基本都是主题句。尤其是总分结构的文章，比如练习题6中的Infantile Amnesia, 虽然文章较难理解，但是文中明确提出了三种观点first，second，third… 那么此类文章小结题的选项太显而易见了。再者，文章的每段会对应出2-3道题，那么题目中对应的部分基本都是段落的核心所在。从这两点就可以很快了解文章的主要内容。所以在进行练习题练习时，做题虽不可或缺，但还要注意多加练习快速阅读文章的能力。

　　2、主题——增加背景知识

　　有部分学生反映做阅读时很难投入进去，有一点原因就是对于文章所述内容太过陌生，如果你对其略知一二，相信定会有所不同。比如练习题中有篇文章讲到化学元素周期表，对于高中生来说再熟悉不过了，阅读的时候半读半猜，估计也可以理解的八九不离十了。

　　若考试准备时间充足，可以多加涉猎，扩充自己的知识背景;若时间紧张，则需搞定练习题套题。根据文章记忆单词，并不是文章中出现的每一个“陌生的面孔”都要去熟悉，比如一些繁琐的专有名词跳过即可。主要记忆的当然是一些动词、名词及形容词，尤其是出现在句子主干中，与解题有关的词汇。

　　除了词汇，应学会分析题干及题目，比如题干中出现了effect，conclusion之类的词，其实已经界定了我们寻找的范围——段落靠后的部分，还有就是观点性和总结性的句子永远会是考察的重点所在。做题的时候学会分析原文和选项，进行对比，比如句子简化题，做一题需要看五个长句，似乎很花费时间，但并不需要每个句子都要细看，而是先明确原句的逻辑及主干，抓住选项中的关键点与原句进行比较。

　　例如：As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting, the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean now connects to the Atlantic, opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean.A. The strait of Gibraltar reopened when the Mediterranean and the Atlantic became connected and the cascades of water from one sea to the other caused crustal adjustments and faulting.B. The Mediterranean was dramatically refilled by water from the Atlantic when crustal adjustments and faulting opened the Strait of Gibraltar, the place where the two seas are joined.C. The cascades of water from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean were not as spectacular as the crustal adjustments and faulting that occurred when the Strait of Gibraltar was connected to those seas.D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faultin;g and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Atlantic and Mediterranean were connected and became a single sea with spectacular cascades of water between them.

　　原句是因果逻辑的句子，先找出其因： crustal adjustments and faulting，果：the Strait opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean.接着来看选项：A…. caused crustal adjustments and faulting 显然是因果倒置了，毫不犹豫地灭掉;C. 因为此选项中出现比较not as spectacular as, 非常惹眼的一个核心词，而原文中是修饰动词的副词spectacularly，并未进行比较，二话不说也排除掉;D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar,… 这原因里怎么多出来一项啊，掳袖子撵人吧!

　　管中窥豹，可见一斑。由此例可见找关键，作分析可帮助我们快速并且准确的找出选项。值得注意的一点是：无论解题方法多么巧妙，离开了大量的练习就是“无本之源”。

　　如何备考托福阅读?

　　一、托福阅读答题顺序错误

　　顺序影响速度，进而影响考试得分。

　　考生在托福阅读答题时究竟是先看文章还是先读题，就跟“先有鸡还是先有蛋”的问题一样难解，若你还没有找到一个较合理的做题顺序，不妨按照下面的流程来：

　　先看题，再看每道题目标示出的其对应的段落，并在该段中进行考点定位，阅读，最终选出答案。这样比较容易取得托福阅读高分。

　　二、托福阅读答题思路错误

　　常听学生说“这道题做错是因为我当时想多了”。托福阅读的选项之间意思很贴近。而托福阅读基本是在考paraphrase(释义)。

　　那么在做题的时候一定要注意：答案都是在文中能直接找的到的，不要去做任何推断，哪怕是所谓的推断题。

　　三、托福阅读答题技巧运用不熟练

　　首先，我们做题时要时刻保持主动性。这里的主动是指在读文章的时候应主动思考并预判下文以及出题点。并且这招也是很多高分学员分享的经验。那么，“采取主动预判的做题方式，能够帮助你更快的完成题目”这就是一种做题技巧。

　　不过，知道了技巧和会运用可是两码事。如何熟练的运用?要做系统的训练：托福阅读的每篇文章的逻辑结构都是很严谨的，并且这种严谨的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。

　　四、阅读核心基本功-单词量不够

　　很多25/26分的学生刷了数次托福阅读依旧没有满分，分析原因发现他们有一个共性，那就是单词背的不扎实。单词不过关，很容易对题目和文章内容的理解产生偏差。因为你只有看懂了，才会明白题意，才知道如何答题。不以词汇量为基础的所有做题技巧都是不可靠的。所以还是得踏踏实实背单词!

　　老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE 6

老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE27共6篇相关文章：

试题文章推荐

上一篇：2022年普通高考语文作文试题参考3篇 2022语文作文题目

下一篇：五年级下册汉语考试题3篇(5.3试卷五年级下册语文答案)